At the end of this course participants will be able to:

• Understand how future electrical loads can be integrated in the existing power utilities networks, industrial as well as oil & gas plants, to meet high-quality supply.

• Distribution systems introduction
• Planning and design
• Materials and equipment
• Other design considerations

Day 1

Introduction

• Distribution systems
• Distribution description
• Main concepts of transmission and distribution system planning
• Power generation systems
• How to improve the quality of supply

Day 2 and 3

Planning and Design

• Load characteristic
• Electrical design
• How to design, calculate, and evaluate a new plan
• Circuit breakers and fuses types and operation
• How to select switchgear rating
• Power cables selection and parameter effect in its operations
• How to calculate network losses
• System modelling and analysis
• Metering system - active and reactive metering
• Urban design and new technologies toward more energy efficient system

Day 4 and 5

Materials and Equipment

• Conductors
• Poles, cross arms, pins, racks and insulators
• Transformers, surges and arrestors
• Regulators, capacitors, switches and reclosers
• Other Design Considerations

At the end of this course participants will be able to

• Apply and gain a good working knowledge on variable frequency drives.
• Understand the basic principles of electrical machines, electrical devices, symbols and circuits
• Examine electric motor types, operations and performance, as well as the 3-phase AC induction motors; including its basic construction, principles of operation, electrical and mechanical performance
• Study motor speed control, power electronic converters, protection of AC converters and motors
• Examine the control systems for AC variable frequency drives (VFD)1
• Select AC converters and install and commission AC variable frequency speed drives (VFD)

• Fundamental principles
• 3-Phase AC induction motors
• Power electronic convertors
• Protection of AC convertors and motors
• Control systems for AC variable speed drives
• Selection of AC convertor
• Installation and commissioning

Day 1

Introduction

• Fundamental principals
• VSD types
• Mechanical VSD methods
• Hydraulic VSD methods
• Electrical VSD methods

3-Phase AC Induction Motors

• Basic construction
• Principles of operation
• AC induction generator performance
• Efficiency of electric motors
• Electric motor duty cycle
• Motor selection

Day 2

Power Electronic Convertors

• Power diodes
• Power electronic rectifiers (AC/DC convertors)
• Gate commuted invertors (AC/DC convertors)
• Gate controlled power electric devices

Day 3 and 4

Protection of AC Convertors and Motors

• AC frequency convertor protection circuits
• Electric motor protection
• Thermal overload protection current sensors

Control Systems for AC Variable Speed Drives

• Power supply to the control system
• DC bus charging control system
• Variable speed drive control loops
• Vector control for AC drives
• Current feedback in AC variable speed drives

Selection of AC Convertors

• Basic selection procedure
• The nature of the machine load
• The requirements for starting and stopping
• Control of speed, torque, and accuracy
• Selection procedures

Day 5

Installation and Commissioning

• General installation and environment, and requirements
• Power supply connections and earthing requirements
• Start/stop control of AC drives
• Installing AC convertors into metal enclosures
• Control wiring for variable speed drives

At the end of this course participants will be able to

• Recognize specific grounding problems and consequences relating to fires, safety of personnel and damage to equipment
• Know the influence of rods on grounding grids performance in stratified soil
• Identify types of ground power systems
• Identify various standardized Earthing systems
• Know testing procedures for grounding systems
• Understand transformer grounding and grounding of DC power systems

• Introduction and basics
• Grounding of power supply systems
• Equipment grounding
• Lightning, its effect on electrical systems, and protection against lightning
• Static electricity and protection
• Ground electrode system

Day 1

Introduction and Basics

• Basics of grounding
• Lightning and its effects electrical systems
• Ground electrodes and factors affecting their efficacy
• Surge protection of electronic equipment

Day 2

Grounding of Power Supply Systems

• Underground systems
• Solidly grounded systems
• Impedance grounding using neutral reactor
• Purpose of grounding

Day 3

Equipment Grounding

• Grounding of equipment
• Operation of protective devices
• Induced voltage problems
• Mitigation by reduction of conductor spacing
• Sensing of ground faults

Day 4

Lightning, its Effect on Electrical Systems, and Protection Against Lightning

• Incidence of lightning
• Methods of lightning protection
• Planning and improvement

Static Electricity and Protection

• Introduction
• Generation of change
• Dangers of static electricity build up
• Control of static electricity

Day 5

Ground Electrode System

• Grounding electrodes
• Soil resistance
• Measurement of soil resistivity
• Resistance of a single rod electrode
• Corrosion problems in electrical grounding system
• Maintenance

At the end of this course participants will be able to

• Understand fundamental circuit analysis techniques
• Be familiar with circuit equivalence and modelling
• Develop physical insight and intuition for problem-solving
• Know how to operate different simulators

• Basic electrical circuits and digital circuits simulators
• Electric circuits’ analysis and applications
• Power calculations (using computer programs), transformers and amplifiers
• Instrumentation amplifiers and I-V converters
• Response to DC and AC forcing functions
• Basic RC and RL circuits
• Transients in first-order networks
• AC responses of the basic elements
• Phasor algebra applications
• Frequency-domain analysis
• AC power and maximum power transfer

Day 1

Basic Electrical Circuits

• Units and notation, basic electric quantities
• Electric signals and circuits
• Kirchhoff ’s laws
• Circuit elements and sources
• Resistance, series and parallel combinations
• Basic resistive circuits
• Practical sources and loading
• Introduction to digital circuits simulators

Day 2

Electric Circuits Analysis

• Circuit solution by inspection
• Nodal analysis
• Loop analysis
• The superposition principle
• Source transformations
• One-ports
• Circuit theorems
• Circuit theorem applications

Day 3

Power Calculations (Using Computer Programs), Transformers and Amplifiers

• Dependent sources
• Circuit analysis with dependent sources
• The ideal transformer
• Amplifier concepts (using computer programs)
• The operational amplifier, the op amp rule
• Summing and difference amplifiers

Day 4

Instrumentation Amplifiers and I-V Converters

• V-I converters, current amps (using computer programs)
• Capacitance and inductance
• Natural response
• Response to DC and AC forcing functions
• Basic RC and RL circuits
• Transients in first-order networks
• RC circuits using op amps (using computer programs)
• Sinusoids and phasors

Day 5

AC Responses of the Basic Elements

• Time-domain analysis of first-order AC circuits
• Phasor algebra
• Phasor algebra applications
• AC impedance
• Frequency-domain analysis
• AC circuits using op Amps (using computer programs)
• AC power and maximum power transfer

At the end of this course participants will be able to

• Read and understand the electrical diagrams and documentations, recognize equipment and verify the integrity of the existing schematics
• Understand electrical symbols, one-line and three-line electrical schematics and their content, including basic layout and legends
• Participate in exercises in schematic reading, diagram verification and the steps required for creating and maintaining accurate one line diagrams

• Assembly drawings and working drawings
• Drawing of electrical instruments
• Electrical machine drawing
• Panel wiring diagrams
• Transmission and distribution lines
• Plant and substation layout

Day 1

Assembly Drawing and Working Drawing

• Standard definition
• Types of valid standards (IEC, IEEE, NEMA, Code, ......)
• Standard of control of hazardous energy
• Standard of safe-guarding machinery
• Manufacturers’ standards
• Electrical symbols
• Sectional views

Day 2 and 3

Drawing of Electrical Instrument

• Drawing of common electrical instruments
• Connection diagrams of electrical Instruments
• Familiarization with the layout of different schematics and one line diagrams
• Transferring the information to the one line diagram
• Verifying electrical prints and making changes to existing diagrams
• Creating and maintaining regulatory compliant electrical diagrams

Electrical Machine Drawing

• DC Machines
• AC Machines

Day 4 and 5

Panel Wiring Diagram

• DC generator panels
• Alternator panels

Transmission and Distribution Lines

• Poles
• Steel towers
• Arrangement of conductors
• Foundation details for poles and towers

Plant and Substation Layout

• Layout diagrams of distribution substations
• Layout of power plants

At the end of this course participants will be able to

• Understand an overview of the network analysis functionality to create and maintain a model that best represents your system using the modeling tool, e-terramodeler.
• Know how to use a modeler.
• Be able to differentiate which transmission details are necessary in the model for evaluating the health of the transmission system.
• Understand the network data model, and how to use e-terramodeler to populate it.

• Conduct area classification
• Conduct area classification practice for gases, vapors and mists in freely ventilated situations
• Conduct area classification practice for gases, vapors and mists which are not in a freely ventilated situation
• Design philosophy for electrical apparatus for explosive atmospheres
• Develop an apparatus using protection concepts: oil immersion and powered filling, flame proofing, increased safety and intrinsic safety
• Know other methods of protection and future apparatus requirements
• Selection of power supply and apparatus for gas/vapor/ mist risk
• Complete documentation, inspections, tests and maintenance of explosive protected apparatus, systems and installations

Day 1

Area Classification

• Basic prosperities of flammable and combustible materials
• Basics of area classification
• General approach to area classification
• Hazardous zonal classification
• Collection of information
• Procedures

Day 2

Area Classification Practice for Gases, Vapors and Mists in Freely Ventilated Situations

• Containment of flammable materials
• Generalized method
• The source of hazard method
• Other practical well-ventilated situations

Area Classification Practices for Gases, Vapors and Mists Which Are Not in freely Ventilated Situations

• Typical areas of restricted ventilated
• Effect of walls on hazardous areas

Day 3

Design Philosophy for Electrical Apparatus for Explosive Atmospheres

• Protection of electrical apparatus for gas, vapor and mist risks
• Situation in respected zone Z apparatus
• Protection of electrical apparatus for dust risk
• Apparatus construction standards

Day 4

Apparatus Using Protection Concepts: Oil Immersion and Powered Filling, Flame Proof, Increased Safety and Intrinsic Safety

• Powder filling type equipment
• Oil immersed type equipment
• Special type equipment
• Intrinsically safe techniques

Day 5

Other Methods of Protection and Future Apparatus Requirements

• Acceptance of technical requirements
• Essential requirements
• Use of apparatuses

Selection of Power Supply and Apparatus for Gas/Vapor/Mist Risk

• Electrical supply systems
• Electrical protection
• Selection of apparatus
• Selection of conduit or cable systems

Documentation, Inspection, Tests, and Maintenance of Explosive Protected Apparatus, Systems, and Installations

• Documentation
• Detailed inspection requirements
• Routine inspection

At the end of this course participants will be able to

• Have knowledge of the basic principles of protective systems and common protection practices
• Understand the current transformer design, application and testing
• Have a comprehension of and experience in protection grading methods, and relay operations under fault conditions
• Have specific knowledge of relays and protective systems
• Know how to use e-terramodeler’s modeling tool to configure the desired generation behavior on your system.
• Understand real-time AGC and ACE processing algorithms, and how to model jointly-owned and combined - cycle generating units.
• Know how to view a generation data model and how to use eterramodeler to populate it.

• Protection
• Current transformers
• Relay operation
• Faults level calculations
• Unit & time current protection
• Transformer protection overview
• Motor protection
• Generator protection overview
• Feeder protection overview
• Practical work notes

Day 1

Protection

• Principles of protection
• The basic requirements of a protection system
• Categories of electrical protection
• Forms of protection

Current Transformers

• Safety
• Measurement and protection of current transformers
• Specifications of current transformers

Day 2

Overview of Relay Operation

• Induction relays
• Attracted armature
• Thermal, timing, static, and K series relays

Faults Level Calculations

• Power system impedance
• Impedance and reactance
• Generators and transformers
• Fault level calculations
• Motor level
• Earth faults

Day 3

Unit & Time Current Protection

• Protection discrimination introduction
• Discrimination by current level
• Relay setting exercise

Transformer Protection Overview

• Typical transformer faults
• Bias differential protection
• Transformer earth protection
• Standby earth fault protection

Motor Protection

• Typical motor duties
• Types of motor faults
• Thermal replica relays

Day 4

Generator Protection Overview

• Generator protection devices
• Stator faults
• Over voltage faults
• Low forward reverse power protection

Feeder Protection Overview

• Unit of protection feeders
• System types
• Insulation requirements

Day 5

Practical Work Notes

• IDMT relay settings
• Primary injection of biased deferential relay
• Reverse power relay MWTU
• Testing field failure relay MYTU
• Typical block diagram of an AC 

At the end of this course participants will be able to

• Have a good understanding of electrical power circuit analysis and power distribution systems
• Have the ability to analyze common power circuit problems
• Understand distribution system problems and power system components, equipment operation, troubleshooting, sizing and applications

• Fundamental of distribution systems
• Overhead lines
• Underground distribution
• Transformers
• Faults
• Short–circuit protection
• Grounding and safety
• Distributed generation

Day 1 and 2

Fundamental of Distribution Systems

• Primary distribution configuration
• Primary voltage levels
• Distribution substation
• Sub transmission systems

Overhead Lines

• Typical constructions
• Conductor data
• Line impedance
• Line impedance tables
• Other overhead issues

Day 3

Underground Distribution

• Application
• Cables
• Installations and configurations

Transformers

• Basics
• Distribution transformers
• Single-Phase transformers
• Three-Phase Transformers
• Loadings
• Losses
• Special T\transformers

Day 4

Faults

• General faults’ characteristics
• Fault calculations
• External fault causes
• Equipment fault

Short–Circuit Protection

• Basics of distribution protection
• Protection equipment
• Transformer fusing
• Station relay and recloser settings
• Other protection schemes

Day 5

Grounding and Safety

• System grounding configurations
• System grounding neutral shifts
• Ground roads and other electrodes
• Shocks and stray voltages

Distributed Generation

• Characteristics of distributed generators
• Islanding issues
• Relaying issues

At the end of this course participants will be able to

• Understand the basics of 69-765 k transmission lines
• Understand the basics of component parts of lines and their function

• Line design overview
• Environmental effects
• Voltage stress
• Insulation
• Conductors
• Catenaries
• Thermal ratings
• Tower grounding
• Project management of line design and construction

Day 1

Line Design Overview

Environmental Effects

• Electric field
• Magnetic field
• Audible noise

Voltage Stress

• Power frequency stress
• Switching surges
• Lightning surges

Day 2

Insulation

• Insulation design
• Insular types

Conductors

• Conductor materials
• Conductor selection
• Conductor design
• Conductor resistance

Day 3

Catenaries

• Sag-tension calculation
• Ruling span concept
• Tension stringing
• Conductor termination and clipping
• Wind-induced motions

Day 4 and 5

Thermal Ratings

• Structures/Foundations
• Typical structures type and designs
• Structure materials
• Foundations
• Tower Grounding
• Project Management of Line Design and Construction

At the end of this course participants will be able to

• Understand the UPS systems and power conditioners
• Understand the basic building blocks common to all UPS systems
• Have knowledge of the construction and operation of the major types of industrial UPS systems
• Identify the hazards and safe work practices related to UPS systems and batteries
• Be familiar with basic troubleshooting techniques for UPS systems
• Learn how to implement preventive maintenance practices including quarterly and annual testing

• Electrical and electronic fundamentals and UPS Systems
• UPS I/O sections and local control
• Types of batteries
• Monitoring systems
• UPS interface
• PS grounding and neutral configuration

Day 1

Electrical and Electronic Fundamentals

• UPS systems
• Application of UPS systems
• Types of UPS systems
• Building blocks of UPS systems
• Rectifiers, choppers, batteries, inverters, internal bypass static switches, and other components

Day 2

UPS I/O Sections

• Local control, displace, relay, SNMP, and different communication bus and interface
• UPS specification
• Rectifier and charger operation theory
• Input requirements and limitations
• Battery requirements
• Types of batteries
• Factors that affect battery performance and life cycle

Day 3

Monitoring Systems

• Choppers and inverters
• SCR, transistors and IGBT
• Static switches
• UPS interface
• Standby generator with UPS
• Potential generator issues

Day 4

PS Grounding and Neutral Configuration

• UPS maintenance
• Most common maintenance issues with UPS systems
• UPS system testing and commissioning

Day 5

System Efficiency Calculation

• UPS system applications
• Factors that affect the UPS application
• Initial cost, operational cost, footprint, weight, and dimensions
• Static switch failure
• Cases studies